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KMID : 0892719990030010023
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Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health
1999 Volume.3 No. 1 p.23 ~ p.34
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The Relationships of Pre-pregnancy BMI(Body Mass Index), Maternal Weight Gain during Pregnancy to Newborn Birth Weight
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Lee Moo-Sik
Lee Mi-Young
Yang Seon-Hee
Chung In-Sung
Shin Dong-Hoon
Suh Suk-Kwon
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to assess relationships between pre-pregnancy BMI(body mass index), weight gain during pregnancy and infant birth weight in order to reduce perinatal risk or mortality ratio in high or low birth weight newborn and other complications of pregnancy. And we investigate the incidence of high and low birth weight infant and associated variables with newborn birth weight in the focus of maternal weight gain during pregnancy.
METHOD: This study was conducted for 707 pregnant women between 37 through 42 weeks’ gestation who visited the obstetric department of a general hospital in Tague from January to July, 1998. Structured interview, medical record review were carried out at first prenatal and delivery visit to give definite data of maternal variables; age, delivery history, height, pre-pregnancy weight, and infant variables; gestational age, birth weight, sex. The sample was stratified into three categories according to pre-pregnancy weight with use of BMI ; under, ideal, over weight and weight gain in pregnancy; low, normal, high weight gain. Low birth weight was defined as infant birth weight of less than 2,500gm and high birth weight was defined as infant birth weight of more than 4,000gm. The data interpreted and analyzed by oneway ANOVA with post hoc multiple comparisons, simple, and multiple regression analysis.
RESULT: Pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain in pregnancy had a significant relationship to infant birth weight. Infant birth weight was significantly related to increasing pre-pregnancy weight gain and weight gain in pregnancy. Infant birth weight was significantly increased in under weight group of pre-pregnancy weight and less increased in over weight group than ideal and under weight groups in simple regression analysis. The incidence of low birth weight increased as decreasing weight gain in under weight group of pre-pregnancy weight. But the incidence of high birth weight increased as increasing weight gain in ideal and over weight group of pre-pregnancy. Related variables to infant birth weight in multiple regression analysis, to study the effect of maternal weight gain on infant birth weight, were gestational age, maternal weight gain and pre-pregnancy EMI in under weight group of pre-pregnancy weight, gestational age, maternal weight gain, pre-pregnancy EMI and infant sex in ideal weight group, and gestational age and maternal weight gain in overweight group.
CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that the linear relationship between pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain in pregnancy and infant birth weight These results recommend to control maternal weight gain according to pre-pregnancy EMI for reducing the risk of low and high infant birth weight
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KEYWORD
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infant birth weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain
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